The Provost Marshal's Office Records include correspondence, circulars, orders, enlistment papers, enrollment records, draft records, surgeon's certificates, medical reports, equipment and property returns, reports, and financial records created by the District Provost Marshal and his board of enrollment in the 5th District Massachusetts from 1863 to 1865, along with records from the Provost Marshal Office of Norfolk, Virginia. This collection has been arranged into two series.

Series I. 5th District, Massachusetts includes all material created by and sent to the 5th District Massachusetts Office of the Provost Marshal. This series is arranged into seven subseries. Subseries A. Administrative Records includes circulars and general orders sent to the Provost Marshal from the War Department outlining relevant Provost Marshall Office regulations and procedures. Also included is a History of the Operations of the Office written for Brigadier General James B. Fry. Subseries B. Correspondence includes correspondence written to and from Captain and Provost Marshal Daniel H. Johnson Jr., along with a letter book kept by Johnson. Subseries C. Enrollment Records, By Town includes enlistment papers and enrollment records organized by the Provost Marshal by each town included in the 5th District. Subseries D. Enrollment Records, By Name includes draft records, surgeon's certificates, medical reports, and printed enrollment lists, arranged primarily by name of the enlisted soldier. Subseries E. Equipment Returns includes property returns and clothing receipts submitted to the Provost Marshal's Office. Subseries F. Reports include tri-monthly reports, a guard report book, and blank report forms. Subseries G. Financial Records include accounts and receipts, subsistence stores, abatements and requisitions detailing the financial activities of the Provost Marshal's Office.

Series II. Norfolk, Virginia includes family supply passes given to residents of Norfolk, Virginia by the Provost Marshal's Office.